Another effect of the Internet arises with online communities like YouTube and MySpace.
MySpace has made social networking with other musicians easier,
and greatly facilitates the distribution of one's music. YouTube also has a large community
of both amateur and professional musicians who post videos and comments.
Professional musicians also use YouTube as a free publisher of promotional material.
YouTube users, for example, no longer only download and listen to MP3s,
but also actively create their own. According to Don Tapscott and
Anthony D. Williams, in their book Wikinomics, there has been a shift from
a traditional consumer role to what they call a prosumer role,
a consumer who both creates and consumes. Manifestations of this in music
include the production of mashes, remixes, and music videos by fans.